Common mistakes

Common percentage mistakes (and how to avoid them)

The five percent errors that show up in school, in spreadsheets, and on the news every week.

4 min readReviewed Apr 1, 2026

Quick answer

Most percentage mistakes come from mixing up the base, double-counting changes, or confusing percentage points with percent.

Five mistakes that cost real money

  • Reversing a discount with a markup of the same percent and expecting to be back where you started.
  • Treating 'percentage points' and 'percent' as the same thing. Going from 5% to 7% is 2 percentage points, but a 40% increase.
  • Comparing percentages from different bases. 10% of 1,000 is much more than 10% of 100, even though the percent is identical.
  • Stacking percent changes by adding them. A 10% gain followed by a 10% loss is a 1% loss, not breakeven.
  • Forgetting to convert percent to a decimal before multiplying.