Formula explained

How age is actually calculated

Age looks simple — until you try to subtract two dates by hand. Here's the calendar arithmetic your age calculator runs for you.

4 min readReviewed May 1, 2026

Quick answer

Your age is the number of completed years between your birth date and a reference date, plus the leftover months and days. The trick is doing the borrowing right when months don't line up.

The exact calendar method

Given a birth date and a reference date, work top to bottom:

  1. 1. 1. Subtract years

    Reference year minus birth year. If the reference month/day hasn't reached the birth month/day yet, subtract one.

  2. 2. 2. Subtract months

    Reference month minus birth month. If negative, add 12 and borrow a year from step 1.

  3. 3. 3. Subtract days

    Reference day minus birth day. If negative, borrow the days in the previous month and subtract a month from step 2.

Common questions

Is your age the same on the day before your birthday in every culture?
Mostly yes in the West. East Asian age reckoning historically counted you as 1 at birth and added a year at New Year — different system, different number.
What about time zones?
Legal age usually follows the local calendar where you were born, not where you are now. The calculator uses dates only, no time zones.